O Brasil foi o terceiro país em que mais se acredita em "Deus ou em um ser supremo" em uma pesquisa conduzida em 23 países. A pesquisa, feita pelo empresa de pesquisa de mercado Ipsos para a agência de notícias Reuters, ouviu 18.829 adultos e concluiu que 51% dos entrevistados "definitivamente acreditam em uma 'entidade divina' comparados com os 18% que não acreditam e 17% que não tem certeza".
O país onde mais se acredita na existência de Deus ou de um ser supremo é a Indonésia, com 93% dos entrevistados. A Turquia vem em segundo, com 91% dos entrevistados e o Brasil é o terceiro, com 84% dos pesquisados. Entre todos os pesquisados, 51% também acreditam em algum tipo de vida após a morte, enquanto que apenas 23% acreditam que as pessoas param de existir depois da morte e 26% "simplesmente não sabem".
Entre os 51% que acreditam em algum tipo de vida após a morte, 23% acreditam na vida após a morte, mas "não especificamente em um paraíso ou inferno", 19% acreditam "que a pessoa vai para o paraíso ou inferno", outros 7% acreditam que "basicamente na reencarnação" e 2% acreditam "no paraíso, mas não no inferno". Nesse mesmo quesito, o México vem em primeiro lugar, com 40% dos entrevistados afirmando que acreditam em uma vida após a morte, mas não em paraíso ou inferno. Em segundo está a Rússia, com 34%. O Brasil fica novamente em terceiro nesta questão, com 32% dos entrevistados.
Mas o Brasil está em segundo entre os países onde as pessoas acreditam "basicamente na reencarnação", com 12% dos entrevistados. Apenas a Hungria está à frente dos brasileiros, com 13% dos entrevistados. Em terceiro, está o México, com 11%. Entre os que acreditam que a pessoa vai para o paraíso ou para o inferno depois da morte, o Brasil está em quinto lugar, com 28%. Em primeiro, está a Indonésia, com 62%, seguida pela África do Sul, 52%, Turquia, 52% e Estados Unidos, 41%.
Criação versus evolução
As discussões entre evolucionistas e criacionistas também foram abordadas pela pesquisa do instituto Ipsos. Entre os entrevistados no mundo todo, 28% se definiram como criacionistas, acreditam que os seres humanos foram criados por uma força espiritual como o Deus em que acreditam e não acreditam que a origem do homem viesse da evolução de outras espécies como os macacos.
Nesta categoria, o Brasil está em quinto lugar, com 47% dos entrevistados, à frente dos Estados Unidos (40%). Em primeiro lugar está a Arábia Saudita, com 75%, seguida pela Turquia, com 60%, Indonésia em terceiro (57%) e África do Sul em quarto lugar, com 56%. Por outro lado, 41% dos entrevistados no mundo todo se consideram evolucionistas, acreditam que os seres humanos são fruto de um lento processo de evolução a partir de espécies menos evoluídas como macacos.
Entre os evolucionistas, a Suécia está em primeiro lugar, com 68% dos entrevistados. A Alemanha vem em segundo, com 65%, seguida pela China, com 64%, e a Bélgica em quarto lugar, com 61% dos pesquisados.
Descrentes e indecisos
Entre os 18.829 adultos pesquisados no mundo todo, um total de 18% afirmam que não acreditam em "Deus, deuses, ser ou seres supremos". No topo da lista dos descrentes está a França, com 39% dos entrevistados. A Suécia vem em segundo lugar, com 37% e a Bélgica em terceiro, com 36%. No Brasil, apenas 3% dos entrevistados declararam que não acreditam em Deus, ou deuses ou seres supremos.
A pesquisa também concluiu que 17% dos entrevistados em todo o mundo "às vezes acreditam, mas às vezes não acreditam em Deus, deuses, ser ou seres supremos". Entre estes, o Japão está em primeiro lugar, com 34%, seguido pela China, com 32% e a Coréia do Sul, também com 32%. Nesta categoria, o Brasil tem 4% dos entrevistados.
Ipsos Global @dvisory: Supreme Being(s), the Afterlife and Evolution Belief in Supreme Being(s) and Afterlife Accepted By Half (51%) of Citizens in 23 Country Survey, But Only 28% Are ‘Creationists’
Monday, April 25, 2011
New York — A poll conducted by global research company Ipsos for Reuters News finds that one half (51%) of global citizens definitely believe in a ‘divine entity’ compared to 18% who don’t and 17% who just aren’t sure.
Similarly, half (51%) believe in some kind of afterlife while the remaining half believe they will either just ‘cease to exist’ (23%) or simply ‘don’t know’ (26%) about a hereafter. Lastly, the survey revealed that four in 10 (41%) believe in human evolution compared to 28% who believe in creationism and 31%of the global population who is unsure what to believe.
The findings are from a survey conducted in 23 countries among 18,829 adults (see list and methodology below).
To believe or not to believe…
Half of global citizens (51%) surveyed believe there is some form of ‘divine entity’: either a “God or Supreme Being” (45%) or “many Gods or Supreme Beings” (6%). This compares with two in ten (18%) who “don’t believe in God/Gods/Supreme Being/Beings” and another three in ten (30%) who are “undecided” of which 17% say “sometimes I believe, but sometimes I don’t” and another 13% say “I’m not sure if I believe”.
· Definitive belief in a God or Supreme Being is highest in Indonesia (93%) and Turkey (91%) followed by Brazil (84%), South Africa (83%) and Mexico (78%). Those most likely to believe in “many Gods or Supreme Beings” live in India (24%), China (14%) and Russia (10%).
· Those who say they do not believe in God or Supreme Being(s) are most likely to live in France (39%) followed by Sweden (37%), Belgium (36%), Great Britain (34%), Japan (33%) and Germany (31%).
· Those most likely to lack a definite response are from Japan (54%) of which 34% believe sometimes and 20% are unsure; China (52%) of which 32% sometimes believe and 20% are unsure; and South Korea (50%) of which 32% sometimes believe and 18% are unsure.
The Sweet Hereafter—or Not…
Just over half of global citizens (51%) say they believe in some form of afterlife: one quarter (23%) believe in an afterlife “but not specifically in a heaven or hell”, two in ten (19%) believe “you go to heaven or hell”, another 7% believe “you are ultimately reincarnated” and 2% believe in “heaven but not hell”. Alternatively, one quarter (23%) say “you simply cease to exist” whereas another quarter (26%) say they “don’t know what happens”.
· Those from Mexico (40%) are most likely to believe in an afterlife but not heaven or hell, followed by those from Russia (34%), Brazil (32%), India (29%), Canada (28%) and Argentina (27%).
· Indonesians are most likely to believe in going on to heaven or hell (62%), followed by those in South Africa (52%), Turkey (52%), United States (41%) and Brazil (28%). Of those who believe in heaven but not hell, those in the United States (4%) rank highest.
· Of those who believe “you are ultimately reincarnated”, Hungary (13%) is at the top followed by citizens from Brazil (12%), Mexico (11%), Japan (10%), Argentina (9%) and Australia (9%).
· One quarter (26%) say they “don’t know what happens” and are most likely from Sweden (41%) followed by Germany (37%), Japan (37%), Russia (36%) and China (34%).
· One quarter (23%) say “you simply cease to exist” led by those in South Korea (40%) and Spain (40%) followed by France (39%), Japan (37%) and Belgium (35%).
Seven Days or Millions of Years…
Much debate has focused on whether humans were the products of either a spiritual force creation or the force of nature by way of a gradual evolution.
· Four in ten (41%) identify as “as 'evolutionist's' and believe that human beings were in fact created over a long period of time of evolution growing into fully formed human beings they are today from lower species such as apes.” Those most likely to believe in this are from Sweden (68%), Germany (65%), China (64%), Belgium (61%) and Japan (60%).
· Three in ten (28%) global citizens refer to themselves as “creationists and believe that human beings were in fact created by a spiritual force such as the God they believe in and do not believe that the origin of man came from evolving from other species such as apes” led by those from Saudi Arabia (75%), Turkey (60%), Indonesia (57%), South Africa (56%) and Brazil (47%).
· Almost one third (31%) of the global population indicate they “simply don't know what to believe and sometimes agree or disagree with theories and ideas put forward by both creationists and evolutionists”. Those from Russia (40%) are most likely to be unsure followed by those from Italy (39%), Argentina (38%), Poland (37%), Spain (37%) and France (36%).
The survey was conducted in 23 countries via the Ipsos Online Panel system. The countries reporting herein are Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Turkey and the United States of America. Respondents in Saudi Arabia only answered the third question about evolution. An international sample of 18,531 adults aged 18-64 in the US and Canada, and age 16-64 in all other countries, were interviewed between September 7, 2010 and September 23, 2010. Approximately 1000+ individuals participated on a country by country basis with the exception of Argentina, Indonesia, Mexico, Poland, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, Russia and Turkey, where each have a sample 500+. Weighting was then employed to balance demographics and ensure that the sample's composition reflects that of the adult population according to the most recent country Census data and to provide results intended to approximate the sample universe. A survey with an unweighted probability sample of this size and a 100% response rate would have an estimated margin of error of +/-3.1 percentage points for a sample of 1,000 and an estimated margin of error of +/- 4.5 percentage points for a sample of 500 19 times out of 20 per country of what the results would have been had the entire population of the specifically aged adults in that country been polled.
For more information on this news release, please contact:
Bobby Duffy. Managing Director Social Research Institute Ipsos MORI. Tel: +44 20 7347 3267 Mobile: +44 7961 402 935 bobby.duffy@ipsos.com
For all Reuters/Ipsos Polls go to: http://www.ipsos-na.com/news-polls/reuters-polls/
For information about Ipsos and access to all Media and Polling Releases go to: www.ipsos-na.com
About Ipsos
Ipsos is a leading global survey-based market research company, owned and managed by research professionals. Ipsos helps interpret, simulate, and anticipate the needs and responses of consumers, customers, and citizens around the world. Member companies assess market potential and interpret market trends. They develop and build brands. They help clients build long-term relationships with their customers. They test advertising and study audience responses to various media. They measure public opinion around the globe. Ipsos member companies offer expertise in advertising, customer loyalty, marketing, media, and public affairs research, as well as forecasting, modeling, and consulting. Ipsos has a full line of custom, syndicated, omnibus, panel, and online research products and services, guided by industry experts and bolstered by advanced analytics and methodologies. The company was founded in 1975 and has been publicly traded since 1999. In 2010, Ipsos generated global revenues of €1.140 billion ($1.6 billion U.S.). Visit www.ipsos-na.com to learn more about Ipsos offerings and capabilities. Ipsos, listed on the Eurolist of Euronext – Comp B, is part of SBF 120 and the Mid-100 Index, adheres to the Next Prime segment and is eligible to the Deferred Settlement System. Isin FR0000073298, Reuters ISOS.PA, Bloomberg IPS:FP.
About Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters is the world's leading source of intelligent information for businesses and professionals. We combine industry expertise with innovative technology to deliver critical information to leading decision makers in the financial, legal, tax and accounting, healthcare and science and media markets, powered by the world's most trusted news organization. With headquarters in New York and major operations in London and Eagan, Minnesota, Thomson Reuters employs more than 50,000 people and operates in over 100 countries. Thomson Reuters shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX: TRI) and New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: TRI). For more information, go to www.thomsonreuters.com
Aucun commentaire:
Enregistrer un commentaire